{"id":166,"date":"2012-08-21T15:00:09","date_gmt":"2012-08-21T07:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.80.my\/?p=157"},"modified":"2012-08-21T15:00:09","modified_gmt":"2012-08-21T07:00:09","slug":"linux-files","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/2012\/08\/21\/linux-files\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662fWindows\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e86\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fWindows\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u5e94\u8be5\u5c31\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8bb2Linux\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u662fLinux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u5148\u4e0d\u505a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u61c2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u57fa\u672c\u53ea\u8bb2\u7528\u6237\u90a3\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4e1c\u4e1c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u5462\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u662f\u7c7bUNIX\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cDOS\u4e0b\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fWindows\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u53eb\u505a\u6302\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u5757\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u78c1\u76d8\u6247\u533a\uff09\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u6536\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u652f\u6301\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u786c\u76d8\uff0cCD\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b8c\u672f\u8bed\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148Linux\u4e5f\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u9636\u5c42\u5f0f\u6811\u72b6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u522b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6811\u72b6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5929\u7ecf\u5730\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662fUNIX\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0cUNIX\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u6216\u8005\u7a0d\u540e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728DOS\u4e4b\u524d\u7edf\u6cbbPC\u7684CP\/M\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662fLinux\u548cWindows\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aVFS\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Virtual File System\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u4e0a\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5c31\u662fVFS\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u662f\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u70b9\u5c31\u548cWindows\u5927\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e86\u3002Windows\u662f\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5b8c\u5168\u5168\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u786c\u76d8\u3002\u800cLinux\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f1a\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6700\u4e0a\u5c42\u662f \/ \uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u6811\u6839\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5176\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0eWindows\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cLinux\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u6765\u5e72\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u800cWindows\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u6709\uff0c\u90fd\u5728C\u76d8\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u90fd\u4e00\u5207\u5e2e\u4f60\u5305\u529e\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Linux\u5bf9\u7167\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\/ \uff1a\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002
\n\/bin \uff1abinary\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u3002
\n\/boot \uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u66f4\u660e\u663e\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u5f15\u5bfc\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u8fd8\u6709GRUB\u548cLILO\uff08\u90fd\u662fLinux\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff09\u4e5f\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u3002
\n\/dev \uff1a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002
\n\/etc \uff1a\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002
\n\/home \uff1a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u5f55\u53ea\u6709root\u80fd\u591f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\/lib \uff1alibrary\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u3002
\n\/mnt \uff1a\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff08Fedora\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\/media\uff09
\n\/opt \uff1aoptional\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u8fd9\uff0c\u4f9b\u8f83\u5927\u800c\u4e14\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u653e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\/proc \uff1aprocedure\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002
\n\/root \uff1aroot\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002
\n\/sbin \uff1a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u6267\u884c(shutdown\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684PATH\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u3002
\n\/tmp \uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709Slackware\u7684SlackBuild\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002
\n\/usr \uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5b58\u653e\u975e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e0b\u9762\u4e5f\u6709etc\u7b49\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u653e\u666e\u901a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002user\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u7528\u6237\u540e\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728\u8fd9\u3002
\n\/var \uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u4e5f\u8bb2\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

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Linux\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u90fd\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\/dev\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u4f60\u7684IDE\u786c\u76d8\u4ee5hda,hdb\u7b49\u540d\u5b57\u50a8\u5b58\uff0cSATA\u786c\u76d8\u5219\u4ee5sda,sdb\u7b49\u540d\u5b57\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5c4f\u5e55\uff09\u4ee5tty\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6253\u5370\u673a\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\/dev\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

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