{"id":379,"date":"2013-06-23T16:47:17","date_gmt":"2013-06-23T08:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ln.la\/?p=379"},"modified":"2013-06-23T16:47:17","modified_gmt":"2013-06-23T08:47:17","slug":"debian-basic-set","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/2013\/06\/23\/debian-basic-set\/","title":{"rendered":"Debian \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e(\u57fa\u672c)\u8bbe\u7f6e"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1.Debian \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e(\u57fa\u672c)\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u88ab\u63d0\u793a\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u989d\u5916\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6307\u5bfc\u60a8\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u79f0\u4e3a base-config<\/code>\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e debian-installer<\/code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cbase-config<\/code> \u7531\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \u201c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u9690\u85cf\u83dc\u5355\u201d \u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\u4e4b\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c base-config<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ee5 root \u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c base-config<\/code><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

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2.\u914d\u7f6e\u60a8\u7684\u65f6\u533a<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u753b\u9762\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u63d0\u793a\u8981\u6c42\u8bbe\u7f6e\u60a8\u7684\u65f6\u533a\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u65f6\u949f\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u8fd8\u662f\u683c\u6797\u5a01\u6cbb\u65f6\u95f4(GMT\u6216UTC)\u3002\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u91cc\u9762\u663e\u793a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u60a8\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u4e0e\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u6216\u8005\u6709\u9650\u7684\u65f6\u533a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u533a\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 \u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u6216\u8005\u9009\u62e9 \u5426 \u4ece\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u53bb\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5f53\u5217\u8868\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u60a8\u7684\u65f6\u533a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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3.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5bc6\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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3.1\u8bbe\u7f6e root \u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

root<\/em> \u5e10\u6237\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237<\/em>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u5bf9\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u9646\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u3002root \u5e10\u6237\u5e94\u8be5\u4ec5\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5bc6\u7801\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u81f3\u5c11 6 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6700\u597d\u5e26\u6709\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u60a8\u8bbe\u7f6e root \u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\u5c24\u5176\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002\u8bf7\u907f\u514d\u91c7\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u67e5\u5230\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u6216\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u731c\u6d4b\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eba\u5411\u60a8\u7d22\u53d6\u60a8\u7684 root \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u6240\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u591a\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u4ea4\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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3.2\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u60a8\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5426\u5e0c\u671b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5e10\u6237\u3002\u60a8\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5e10\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5e38\u767b\u9646\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5207\u8bb0\uff0c\u5e73\u65f6 \u4e0d\u8981<\/em> \u4f7f\u7528 root \u5e10\u6237\u767b\u9646\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e10\u53f7\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 root \u7279\u6743\u5e10\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u65e0\u6cd5\u633d\u56de\u7684\u7834\u574f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u60a8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u8bf1\u4f7f\u8fd0\u884c \u7279\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6728\u9a6c<\/em> \u7a0b\u5e8f \u2014 \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u5728\u60a8\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u635f\u5bb3\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5408\u683c\u7684 Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898 \u2014 \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u627e\u4e00\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5168\u540d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u540d\uff1b \u901a\u5e38\u540d\u6216\u8005\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4fbf\u6ee1\u8db3\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u7f3a\u7701\u503c\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u8be5\u5e10\u53f7\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u60a8\u8fd8\u5e0c\u671b\u5efa\u7acb\u5176\u5b83\u65b0\u5e10\u6237\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 adduser<\/strong> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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3.3\u8bbe\u7f6e PPP<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u4e0a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u60a8\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u95ee\u5230\u662f\u5426\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528 PPP \u5b89\u88c5\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002PPP \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e PPP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546(ISP)\u90a3\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u53e3\u4ee4\u548c DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u53ef\u9009)\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b ISP \u4e3a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5f15\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9488\u5bf9 Debian\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570(\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6)\u90fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u914d\u7f6ePPP\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f pppconfig<\/strong> \u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u793a\u60a8\u8f93\u5165\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u540d\u79f0\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u8f93\u5165 provider<\/code><\/strong>\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u987a\u5229\uff0cpppconfig<\/strong> \u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u5bfc\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5b8c\u6210\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u67e5\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u547d\u4ee4\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5728GNU\/Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 more<\/strong>\uff0c\u548c zmore<\/strong> \u67e5\u770b\u540e\u7f00\u4e3a .gz<\/code><\/strong> \u7684\u538b\u7f29\u6863\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u8981\u5bdf\u770b README.debian.gz<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u952e\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 zmore README.debian.gz<\/code><\/strong>\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u7565\u5c11\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u53eb nano<\/strong>\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u540e\u7eed\u5b89\u88c5\u5176\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5982 jed<\/strong>, nvi<\/strong>, less<\/strong>\uff0c\u548c emacs<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/ppp\/peers\/provider<\/code> \u5e76\u66ff\u6362 \/dev\/modem<\/code><\/strong> \u4e3a \/dev\/ttyS#<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d #<\/code><\/em> \u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684Modem\u4e32\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u662f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e32\u53e3 \u5c31\u53eb \/dev\/ttyS0<\/code> \u3002 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/chatscripts\/provider<\/code> \u7136\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002\u8bf7\u52ff\u5220\u9664 \u201cq\u201d \u5b83\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u53e3\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u3002\u7528\u6765\u9690\u85cf\u60a8\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u62e8\u53f7\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528PAP\u6216CHAP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u90e8\u4efdISP\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684ISP\u9700\u8981PAP\u6216CHAP\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6309\u5982\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u62e8\u53f7\u5b57\u4e32\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389(\u5373\u4ece \u201cATDT\u201d) \u5728 \/etc\/chatscripts\/provider<\/code>\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389 \/etc\/ppp\/peers\/provider<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u62e8\u53f7\u5b57\u4e32\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0 user name<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d name<\/code><\/em> \u6307\u7684\u662f\u60a8\u5728ISP\u7684\u62e8\u53f7\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/ppp\/pap-secrets<\/code> \u6216 \/etc\/ppp\/chap-secrets<\/code>\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u586b\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/resolv.conf<\/code>\uff0c\u5c06\u60a8\u7684ISP\u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668 (DNS) \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u586b\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\/etc\/resolv.conf<\/code> \u91cc\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u586b\u5199\u683c\u5f0f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 x<\/code><\/em>\u662fDNS\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 usepeerdns<\/code><\/strong> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 \/etc\/ppp\/peers\/provider<\/code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u7684 ISP \u7684\u767b\u9646\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981 ISP \u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u4ee5root\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u952e\u5165 pon<\/strong> \u5c31\u80fd\u6253\u5f00 PPP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0cplog<\/strong> \u80fd\u591f\u76d1\u63a7\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8981\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5219\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4ee5root\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c poff<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9605\u8bfb \/usr\/share\/doc\/ppp\/README.Debian.gz<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591aDebian\u4e0a\u7684PPP\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9759\u6001SLIP\u8fde\u63a5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a slattach<\/code><\/strong> \u547d\u4ee4(\u4ece net-tools<\/code> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305)\u5230 \/etc\/init.d\/network<\/code>\u3002\u52a8\u6001 SLIP \u8981\u6c42 gnudip<\/code> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

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3.4\u914d\u7f6e PPP over Ethernet (PPPOE)<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

PPPOE \u662f\u4e0e PPP \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bbd\u5e26\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u9762\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u60a8\u914d\u7f6e\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e PPPOE\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5207\u6362\u5230 VT2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c pppoeconf<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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4.\u914d\u7f6e APT<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u672c\u8282\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f apt-get<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eec\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u5404\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u5305\u542b\u5728 apt<\/code> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u3002[4<\/a>]<\/sup> \u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u524d\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u50cf aptitude<\/strong>\uff0csynaptic<\/strong> \u548c\u8f83\u65e9\u7684 dselect<\/strong> \u4e5f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u4f9d\u8d56 apt-get<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u524d\u7aef\u8f6f\u4ef6\u63a8\u8350\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4e0b\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6027(\u641c\u7d22\u5305\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u68c0\u9a8c)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u7f6e APT\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u660e\u767d\u8be5\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53eb apt-setup<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u8be5\u544a\u8bc9 APT \u5176\u5b83\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c apt-setup<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u624b\u5de5\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u5185\u653e\u6709\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 CD-ROM\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 CD-ROM \u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a apt \u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u63d0\u793a\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u60a8\u7684\u5149\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5e03\u5149\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5217\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u8ba9\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u5982\u679c\u83b7\u53d6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a FTP\u3001HTTP\u3001CD-ROM \u6216\u8005\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 APT \u6e90(\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u540c\u4e00 Debian \u5b58\u6863\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5)\u3002apt-get<\/strong> \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 HTTP \u548c CD-ROM \u7684 APT \u6e90\uff0capt-get<\/strong> \u4f1a\u5728\u6709\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u91c7\u7528 HTTP \u6e90\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91c7\u7528 CD-ROM \u6e90\u3002\u867d\u7136 APT \u975e\u5e38\u667a\u80fd\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684 APT \u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u5b58\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

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4.1\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6e90<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u8ba1\u5212\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u4f5c\u6cd5\u662f\u9009\u62e9 http<\/code><\/strong> \u6e90\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0cftp<\/code><\/strong> \u6e90\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u4f1a\u7565\u6162\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9 apt-setup<\/strong> \u60a8\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002Debian\u4f1a\u4e3a\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5b98\u65b9 Debian \u7f51\u7edc\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5217\u8868\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5728\u53d1\u884c Debian \u65f6\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u884c\u4e0e\u60a8\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u955c\u50cf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u95ee\u5230\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8f6c\u53d1\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u548c\/\u6216 FTP \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u7f51\u7edc\u91cc\u7528\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60a8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u7528\u6237\u6bcb\u987b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b ISP \u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u955c\u50cf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u60a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6e90\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6e90\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6e90\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u70b9(\u4ece\u60a8\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d \u6216\u8005\u5168\u4f53\u5217\u8868)\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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5.\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230 Debain \u4e8b\u5148\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f aptitude<\/strong> \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709 14650 \u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e Debian \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u9009\u62e9 tasks<\/em> \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u6dfb\u52a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002task \u677e\u6563\u5730\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u60a8\u8981\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \u201cdesktop environment\u201d, \u201cweb server\u201d\u6216\u8005 \u201cprint server\u201d[5<\/a>]<\/sup>\u3002\u7b2c\u00a0C.3\u00a0\u8282 \u201c\u5404\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d<\/a> \u5217\u51fa\u5404\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u65e6\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 Ok\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0captitude<\/strong> \u5c06\u5b89\u88c5\u60a8\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6ce8\u610f<\/h3>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u60a8\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u4f55\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6267\u884c tasksel -ris<\/code><\/strong> \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u5305\u62ec\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7ea6 37M \u7684\u5305\u3002\u60a8\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5c06\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4f4d\u4e8e tasksel<\/strong> \u7684 \u201cmanual package selection\u201d \u9009\u9879\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u65c1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\uff0captitude \u5c06\u4ee5 –visual-preview<\/strong> \u9009\u9879\u6267\u884c\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5[6<\/a>]<\/sup> \u90a3\u4e9b\u5c06\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e0d\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u4f55\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38 aptitude<\/strong> \u753b\u9762\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u3002\u4f5c\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u6309\u4e0b \u201cg<\/code><\/strong>\u201d \u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u6ce8\u610f<\/h3>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9009\u62e9 \u201cmanual package selection\u201d \u800c\u4e0d<\/em> \u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf(\u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u524d)\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5b89\u88c5\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5728 14650 \u7684 Debian \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u88ab\u4efb\u52a1\u5b89\u88c5\u5668\u6db5\u76d6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 apt-cache search search-string<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u67e5\u627e\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32(\u53c2\u8003 apt-cache(8) man \u9875), \u6216\u8005\u6267\u884c aptitude<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

5.1\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u9009\u62e9 aptitude<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Aptitude<\/strong> \u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002aptitude<\/strong> \u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305(\u9488\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6237)\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6574\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u952e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u6309\u952e<\/th>\n\u52a8\u4f5c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Up<\/strong>, Down<\/strong><\/td>\n\u4e0a\u4e0b\u79fb\u5230\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Enter<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6253\u5f00\/\u5173\u95ed\/\u6fc0\u6d3b \u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
+<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6807\u6ce8\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
–<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6807\u6ce8\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d<\/strong><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
g<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5b9e\u9645 \u4e0b\u8f7d\/\u5b89\u88c5\/\u5220\u9664 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
q<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F10<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6fc0\u6d3b\u83dc\u5355<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bf7\u6309 ?<\/strong> \u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

6.\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7 tasksel<\/strong> \u6216 aptitude<\/strong> \u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7531 apt-get<\/strong> \u548c dpkg<\/strong> \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u89e3\u5305\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u90e8\u4efd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u63d0\u793a\u3002\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u9519\u8bef(\u5c3d\u7ba1\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u60a8\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u53f7)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

7.\u914d\u7f6e\u60a8\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406(MTA)<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cDebian \u8ba9\u60a8\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u5947\u602a\u7684\u4e8b\u3002Debian \u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406\u662f exim4<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5de7\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u5e76\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7535\u8111\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5de5\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f \u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff1a\u662f\u3002\u7a0d\u957f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u90e8\u4efd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177(\u6bd4\u5982 cron<\/strong>, quota<\/strong>, aide<\/strong> \u7b49)\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u901a\u77e5\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8bf7\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7ad9<\/dt>\n
\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7 SMTP \u76f4\u63a5\u6536\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u60a8\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u60a8\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u60a8\u63a5\u53d7\u6216\u8f6c\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u57df\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/dd>\n
\u7528 smarthost \u53d1\u4fe1<\/dt>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u5916\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a \u201csmarthost\u201d\u4e3b\u673a\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u7531\u5b83\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002Smarthost \u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b58\u653e\u5c06\u8981\u6295\u9012\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u60a8\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u7ebf\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u5982 fetchmail \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ece smarthost \u4e0b\u8f7d\u56de\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u9879\u901a\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u62e8\u53f7\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/dd>\n
\u4ec5\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6295\u9012<\/dt>\n
\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u672a\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u60a8\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u4f55\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90e8\u4efd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u80fd\u968f\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f(\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u53ef\u7231\u7684 \u201cDisk quota exceeded\u201d)\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u6b64\u9879\u540e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u65b0\u624b\u3002<\/dd>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e<\/dt>\n
\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u771f\u7684\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u2014 \u5728\u60a8\u518d\u6b21\u914d\u7f6e\u5b83\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6536\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9519\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/exim4<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 exim4<\/strong>\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e \/usr\/share\/doc\/exim4<\/code> \u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4<\/a>] <\/sup>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f dpkg<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002apt-get<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6267\u884c dpkg<\/strong> \uff0c\u8fd8\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u60a8\u7684\u5149\u76d8\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5<\/a>] <\/sup>\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0cbase-config<\/strong> \u4ec5\u662f\u6267\u884c tasksel<\/strong> \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0captitude<\/strong> \u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5(\u6216\u8005\u5220\u9664)\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bfb\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5f53\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6267\u884c aptitude install package<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong>, \u5176\u4e2d package<\/code><\/em> \u662f\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6<\/a>] <\/sup>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u9879\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u9009\u62e9\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 View->New Package View.<\/p>\n

8.\u767b\u5f55<\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u767b\u5f55\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4f34\u968f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5b89\u88c5\u5728 \/usr\/share\/doc\/<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u547d\u540d\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cAPT \u7528\u6237\u6307\u5357\u662f\u5173\u4e8e apt<\/strong> \u5b89\u88c5\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e \/usr\/share\/doc\/apt\/guide.html\/index.html<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u79cd\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u6863\u7b80\u6613\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f cd \/usr\/share\/doc\/<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u952e\u5165 lynx<\/code><\/strong> \u540e\u9762\u662f\u7a7a\u683c\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9(\u70b9\u662f\u6307\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u952e\u5165 info command<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u6216 man command<\/code><\/em><\/code><\/strong> \u5728\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u952e\u5165 help<\/code><\/strong> \u5c06\u663e\u793a shell \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u952e\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a --help<\/code><\/strong> \u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u6458\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6eda\u52a8\u8d85\u51fa\u5c4f\u5e55\u9876\u7aef\uff0c\u952e\u5165 | more<\/code><\/strong> \u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8f93\u51fa\u6682\u505c\u5728\u6eda\u51fa\u9876\u7aef\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u5b50\u6bcd\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u952e\u5165\u8be5\u5b50\u6bcd\uff0c\u518d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a tab\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.Debian \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e(\u57fa\u672c)\u8bbe\u7f6e \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u88ab\u63d0\u793a\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u989d\u5916\u8f6f\u4ef6 … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfbDebian \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e(\u57fa\u672c)\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tech","tag-debian"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=379"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/379\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lnlog.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}